Dreams in Langston Hughes Poems - 1401 Words

Langston Hughes’ challenging background, ethnicity, and era of life can all be thought of reasons as to why his style of writing relates among discrimination and unsettling topics. Although his writing can be said to bring hope to the African Americans, his style can be frightening and daunting when taken the time to read his pieces. They may not seem real, but they are his way of interpreting and informing the future of what African Americans, like himself, had to go through and what they had to experience. Although some of his writing pieces tell about horrible and sad times of the African American people, throughout his poems he brings hope and peace for the culture. The pieces he wrote may not be pleasant to read, however, the past†¦show more content†¦Most have seen these things or felt them at a single time. Using phrases like these help the readers to understand all the feelings that went into writing the poem. Langston Hughes was not a cryptic writer. His feel ings and thoughts were left on the page. In this poem his thoughts were said to be more focused on the division between different cultures and wishing for the divider to be broken. â€Å"Let America Be America Again† has a similar theme. It not only reflects the feelings the African American culture had during this period, but it makes the reader feel these feelings too. The beginning statement in the poem, â€Å"Let America Be America Again,† makes the reader question what America was. What was America like? Another line from the poem, â€Å"Let it be the dream it used to be,† directly relates to the theme in the previous poem â€Å"Harlem† because in both poems Langston Hughes wishes and wants to take action to recover the way people used to be treated. The basis of â€Å"Let America Be America Again† is that, in Langston Hughes’ opinion, everyone should be equal and treated fairly. No one should be discriminated because of their backgroun d. Literary critic James Presley says that the poem was written in order to beg for the Dream that never was. His opinion is that Langston Hughes’ view of the so-called â€Å"American Dream† was not really a dream at all. He goes into detail that Langston Hughes’ saw the dream as â€Å"ragged, uneven, splotched, and often unattainable goalShow MoreRelatedAnalysis Of The Poem Dream By Langston Hughes1909 Words   |  8 Pagesof each poem are very similar, but yet are different in their own unique way as well. The two pomes are about dreams, the first poem, Dream is about what could possibly happen if we let go of our dreams and don t purse them. The second poem, Harlem is about the possibilities of what could happen when we postpone our dreams. Both poems do not exactly end with a happy ending, for they show the regret that we will be left with, possibly even death. The poem Dream by Langston Hughes is aboutRead MoreA Brief Look at Langston Hughes1413 Words   |  6 PagesLangston Hughes Langston Hughes’ challenging background, ethnicity, and era of life can all be thought of reasons as to why his style of writing relates among discrimination and unsettling topics. Although his writing can be said to bring hope to the African Americans, his style can be frightening and daunting when taken the time to read his pieces. They may not seem real, but they are his way of interpreting and informing the future of what African Americans, like himself, had to go throughRead MoreA Prize For Poetry, International Ibsen Award You Named. Langston Hughes1058 Words   |  5 Pagesyou named. Langston Hughes is a great poet, his poems are truly inspirational, persuasive. It s almost like he was talking directly to the reader. To begin with, have you ever wondered what impact Langston Hughes poems had on people lives. Well if so then you on the right place. James Mercer Langston Hughes was born February 1, 1902, in Joplin, Missouri. His parents were Caroline Mercer Langston and James Nathaniel Hughes. Langston parents divorced when he was a kid, Langston was raisedRead MoreRacism and Langston Hughes658 Words   |  3 PagesLangston Hughes was a great African American poet, social activist, novelist, playwright, and columnist (â€Å"The Biography of Langston Hughes†). As a child, he grew up in the times of racial inequality. As a result, his poems often shared the recurring theme of hope, breaking free from racial inequality, and to strive for a better future. This theme was very evident in the poems â€Å"Dreams† and â€Å"I Dream a World†, by Langston Hughes. This common theme is a result of the era Hughes grew up in. James LangstonRead MoreEssay on Langston Hughes a Harlem Renaissance Man1463 Words   |  6 Pagesartists such as Langston Hughes. James Mercer Langston Hughes was an African American poet, journalist, playwright, and novelist whose works were incredibly well known. It was during the peak of the Harlem Renaissance in which Langston Hughes produced poetry which was not just musically and artistically sound, but also captured the essence of the blues. Thus giving life to a new version of poetry that illustrated the African American struggle between society and oneself. Langston Hughes was one of theRead MoreLangston Hughes Poetry649 Words   |  3 PagesLangston Hughes, the most memorable figure of the Harlem Renaissance, wrote everything from plays, short stories, novels, and most importantly poetry. Hughes’ writing is based on his personal views on frustration that he had towards the plight of African Americans. Langston has no fear with anything he is involved in and sto od up for his people. Unfortunately, his people responded negatively towards his actions, for they thought he was creating more racial tensions. Nevertheless, this was not Hughes’Read MoreThe Writing Style Of Langston Hughes1001 Words   |  5 Pagescollective, is one of the many legacies of Hughes, who has been called â€Å"the architect† of the black poetic tradition. He is certainly one of the world’s most universally beloved poets, read by children and teachers, scholars and poets, musicians and historians. Langston Hughes became the voice of black America in the 1920s, when his first published poems brought him more than moderate success. Throughout his lifetime, his work encompassed both popular lyrical poems, and more controversial political workRead MoreLangston Hughes Essay1084 Words   |  5 PagesLangston Hughes was a large influence on the African-American population of America. Some of the ways he did this was how his poetry influenced Martin Lut her King Jr. and the Harlem Renaissance. These caused the civil rights movement that resulted in African-Americans getting the rights that they deserved in the United States. Hughes was born in 1902 in Joplin, Missouri. His parents divorced when he was young and his grandmother raised him. She got him into literature and education; she was one ofRead MoreLiterary Analysis of Langston Hughess A Dream Deferred1028 Words   |  4 Pagesanalysis of the poem must take place. It unveils and discusses the themes, figures of speech, word placement, and flow of the piece, and A Dream Deferred, is no exception. In Langston Hughess poem, A Dream Deferred, the theme is that no really knows to dreams if they are not reached, and very realistic figures of speech help convey this idea; the poem can be surprisingly related to Mr. Hughess life through the subtitle and quotes from Langston himself. The meaning of, A Dream Deferred, isRead MoreThe Life Poems of Langston Hughes Essay775 Words   |  4 Pagesliving with many relatives, Langston Hughes experienced poverty. Langston Hughes used poetry to speak to the people. Langston Hughes is a pioneer of African American literature and the Harlem renaissance error. Mr. Hughes dedicated his poems to the struggles, pride, dreams, and racial injustices of African American people. Langston Hughes was born James Langston Hughes, February 1, 1902 in Joplin, Missouri. Langston Hughes, named after his grandfather James Mercer Langston, was the first African

Discuss How Race and Ethnicity Perpetuate Inequality in...

When groups of people see themselves, or are perceived by others, to be racially distinct from the rest of a population, the question that arises is whether members of these groups are treated equally. Politicians have long spoken of being a multicultural society, promoting tolerance and integration. Proud of a society where one can reap in financial or social status rewards through sheer hard work Ââ€" where the nature of ones race or ethnicity is not a factor. Bessant (2002) said racist attitudes are alive and well today. The concepts of ‘race and ‘ethnicity perpetuate inequality for people who are considered different from the dominant group. This essay will show how race and ethnicity are at a disadvantage to equally accessing†¦show more content†¦Examples of racist behaviour include ridicule, racist abuse, property damage, racial harassment, racist propaganda, racial vilification and physical assault. It also includes practices that exploit or exclude members of particular groups from aspects of society. Racist behaviour may be direct or indirect in nature. Direct racial discrimination is the unfair or unequal treatment of a person or group on racial grounds. An example would be employers who wont hire someone on the basis of their cultural background. This type of discrimination is usually deliberate. Indirect racial discrimination is seemly equitable on the surface, but in practice disadvantages people from particular groups. Indirect racial discrimination can occur even when there is no intention to discriminate. Racism has played a central role in Australias history, firstly, in the relationship between Indigenous people and the Europeans. Aborigines endured a long history of social injustice through the Europeans invasion, which saw demographic, spiritual catastrophe and cultural dispossession. Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people were disposed of their land and were discriminated against by the first British and European settlers. Colonisation meant local populations lost their traditionalShow MoreRelatedCultural Competency Definitions8081 Words   |  33 PagesMinistry of Healthy Living and Sport and its’ stakeholders and partners. Culture General Definitions of Culture It is important to define what is meant by culture. Definitions of culture are often confused by using terminology such as ‘race’ and ‘ethnicity’ but a basic definition of culture reveals a far broader understanding. One definition of culture is: The totality of socially transmitted behavior patterns, arts, beliefs, institutions, and all other products of human work and thoughtRead MoreFamily As A Social Institution Doc Essay5585 Words   |  23 PagesThree 07 3.4 Stage Four 07-08 3.5 Stage Five 08 3.6 Stage Six 08 4. Role Of Family 08-09 4.1 Toward children 09 4.2 Toward Parent 09-10 5. Theoretical analysis of the family 10 5.1 Function of the family structural functional analysis 10-11 5.2 INEQUALITY AND THE FAMILY 11 5.2.1 SOCIAL CONFLICT ANALYSIS 12 5.3 Micro level analysis 12 5.3.1 Interactionist view 12 6. Family Life in Different Time 12 6.1 IN THE PAST 12-13 6.2 In The Present 13-14 7. Existence of family life in future 14-15 8. InteractionRead MoreOne Significant Change That Has Occurred in the World Between 1900 and 2005. Explain the Impact This Change Has Made on Our Lives and Why It Is an Important Change.163893 Words   |  656 Pagesphase of the human experience, render it impervious to generalized pronouncements and difficult to conceptualize broadly. As the essays in this collection document in detail, paradox pervades the time span we call the twentieth century, no matter how it is temporally delineated. Never before in history, for example, had so many humans enjoyed such high standards of living, and never had so many been so impoverished or died of malnutrition and disease. If the period from the 1870s is included inRead MoreRastafarian79520 Words   |  319 Pagesdevelopment of Rasta that deï ¬ es the notion that it is a movement of the insane and the misguided. Given the way in which Rastafarianism has arrived in the world, it is useful when someone is able to help us understand its origins and propose how we can then comprehend how it functions in the world today. Again and again, I encounter students who are interested in reggae music and the music of Bob Marley, but they remain deeply puzzled by Rastafarianism because of its seemingly peculiar tenets of faithRead MoreFundamentals of Hrm263904 Words   |  1056 PagesUnderstanding Cultural Environments 4 The Changing World of Technology What Is a Knowledge Worker? 6 How Technology Affects HRM Practices 6 Recruiting 7 Employee Selection 7 Training and Development 7 Ethics and Employee Rights 7 Motivating Knowledge Workers 7 Paying Employees Market Value 8 Communications 8 Decentralized Work Sites 8 Skill Levels 8 A Legal Concern 8 Employee Involvement 20 How Organizations Involve Employees 20 Employee Involvement Implications for HRM 20 Other HRM ChallengesRead MoreOrganisational Theory230255 Words   |  922 PagesOrganizational Theory takes you on a joyful ride through the developments of one of the great enigmas of our time – How should we understand the organization? 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Lkjlj - 768 Words

Axia College Material Appendix A Final Project Overview and Timeline Final Project Overview: Analyze a Sociological Issue In this course you have learned about many different kinds of social problems in societies around the world and in the United States, such as poverty, social inequality, race and cultural discrimination, gender stratification, environmental damage, population growth, and urbanization. For the final project, you will write a 1,750- to 2,450-word paper examining the impact of a current social problem on a particular social group. You may choose a social problem and social group from the list below, or you can research a social problem and social group that is not in the list. However, if you choose your own,†¦show more content†¦| |Fossil Fuel Dependency and Americans | | | |Racial Profiling and Male African Americans | | | |Ageism and the Elderly | | | |Ethnocentrism and Immigrants in the United States | | | |Modernization and Indigenous Cultures | | | |Racial Discrimination and Hispanics in the United

Acute Exacerbation of COPD Patients Free Sample for Students

Question: Discuss about the Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. Answer: Introduction COPD is a chronic condition that leads to the impairment of the respiratory system due to the destruction of the alveoli and inflammation of the airway. While it can be stable in its chronic state among patients, COPD exacerbations are life-threatening and therefore need stringent measures to manage. This study will focus on highlighting the pathophysiology of COPD and its exacerbation especially among long-term smokers. The discussion will also highlight the medical and nursing plans, patient education and the discharge plan of one case-Bill McDonald suffering from COPD exacerbations. Pathophysiology of COPD as Seen in the Patient Cigarette smokers who have a stable COPD usually experience a chronic inflammation in their entire tracheobronchial tree. This inflammation brings about an increase in macrophage and CD8 T lymphocyte numbers within the walls of the airway, including neutrophils in the lumen of the airway (Sallis, 2016). Prolonged smoking which causes COPD brings about the destruction of a patients lung parenchyma cells which line the alveoli. The alveoli walls thus lose elasticity and get damaged. While a healthy airway and/or air sacs are made of elastic contracting and relaxing muscles to enable breathing, inflamed and further obstructed airways for the case of COPD patients, leads to a lower respiratory rate and tidal volume (Turan et al, 2013). This impact on the patients ventilation-perfusion ratio resulting to impaired ventilation. The air which is trapped within the large spaces in the altered alveoli walls inhibits lung deflation leading to an impaired gaseous exchange across the alveoli. On the other hand, ineffective airway clearance which results from airway inflammation and poor lung deflation forms part of the chronic symptoms of the disease. Obstruction bronchitis is one of the major sub-conditions in COPD. It is characterized by bronchi and bronchiole inflammation (Nguyen et al, 2015). The inflammation in the airway also leads to mucus gland hyperplasia and increase in phlegm and mucus produced by the goblet cells. Excessive phlegm and mucus damages the cilia in the airway and even further blocking the patients respiratory linings. In acute cases also described as exacerbation of COPD, the patients experiencing worsened chronic inflammation of their airways as a result of air pollutants and viral and/or bacterial infections (World Health Organization, 2013). During these exacerbations, patients inflammatory cellular pattern undergoes changes including an increase in eosinophils and neutrophil numbers. Other inflammatory mediators also increase in numbers; cytokines particularly the tumor necrosis factor-, chemokines like CXCL8; different chemokine receptors like CCR3 and/or CXCR2; E-selectin and/or ICAM-1adhesion molecules; oxidative stress markers among others(Sallis, 2016). The worsening state of airway inflammation is thus responsible for the extensive deterioration of the functioning of the lungs of patients and their poorer clinical status in times of exacerbations. Therefore, exacerbation of COPD which is the acute status of the disease is an event within its natural course which presents with changes in a patients normal chronic cough, sputum and/or dyspnea (Turan et al, 2013). This change in the disease pattern brings about the need for change in its management. Management Plans for Acute COPD Exacerbation Nursing Plan The nursing plan for acute COPD exacerbation concentrates on the management of the following causative factors of the worsening disease pattern; primary defenses that are inadequate due to decreased ciliary action and malnutrition; imbalance in oxygen supply in the tissues and the demanded amount leading to immobility and; clogged airways(Hillegass et al, 2017). In regard to managing primary defenses that are inadequate due to decreased ciliary action and malnutrition, a nurse needs to understand the risk factors, the intervention to reduce the risks and illustrate the necessary changes in the lifestyle of the patient (Vestbo et al, 2013). The nurse will monitor the patient temperature to ensure that it remains within the right range as the infection can lead to serious fever. The nurse should advice on nutrition and let the patient be provided with a proper diet (Nguyen et al, 2015) since exacerbations result to increased metabolic rate. The nurse should also advice the patient to r educe the smoking rate and prolonged smoking which flares up COPD. In regard to managing the imbalance particularly between oxygen supply within the tissues and its demanded amount which leads immobility a nurse should aim at improving patient mobility and their tolerance to exercises (Bradley Curry, 2013). The patient should then be put on pulmonary rehabilitation while being encouraged to change to a healthy lifestyle involving diet monitoring behavior. These interventions should thus result in nutritional balance and normal levels of both arterial CO2 and O2. Medical Management There is need for to medically manage the clogging of the airways among patients with acute exacerbation of COPD as a result of excessive mucus production. The medication plan here includes relieving the symptoms of the acute exacerbation of COPD and preventing further complications. The nursing intervention thus includes administering oral prednisone, ipratropium and also salbutamol medicine using nebulizers in order to improve the breathing rate and ease of the patients (Sallis, 2016). While the oral prednisone medicine acts as an anti-inflammatory agent, both ipratropium and salbutamol form a good combination of bronchodilators which improve the mucous clearance rate. They also improve the smooth muscle dilation and thus facilitating an improved breathing among patients. The medications above if administered among acute exacerbation COPD patients lead to an improved ability to exercise and also contribute to a better quality of life. In particular, oral prednisone blocks eosinophilic inflammatory markers at the airway, including the serum C-reactive protein leading to a decrease in the inflammation of the airway so as to reduce dyspnea. Oral prednisone should be administered to the patient in amounts ranging between 40mg and 100mg in each 6 hour period (Vestbo et al, 2013). It is an important oral corticosteroid that decreases inflammation of the airways while speeding up the recovery rate. On the other hand Ipratropium Bromide and/or salbutamol nebulizers have an inhalation solution which comprise of ipratropium bromide and Salbutamol combination. The 65 year Bill McDonald should be given an adult dose of 3Ml vial through nebulization four times each day including an allowance of 2 additional doses of 3Ml of the vial each day (Bolton et al, 2013). The patient should however be monitored for side effects including general body aches, congestion of the ears, and even chills due to hypersensitivity. Oral amoxicilli n can be given to the patient as a first-line antibiotic (500mg tablet) given 3 times a day (Vestbo et al, 2013). All the oral antibiotics need to be administered to the patient in between 5 and 10 days. More importantly, bacterial infection signs such as flu and/or pneumonia must be monitored for management. Home Care Considerations for Acute Exacerbation of COPD Patients There are different factors that need to be considered particularly in regard to home care for patients that need to be discharged from hospitalized care for acute exacerbation of COPD. One of the factors includes the availability of necessary equipment to enhance further management of the disease, including a seamless transfer of care from hospital to the home (Sallis, 2016). As explained, this particular equipment has been already availed for Bill McDonalds use. However, the hospital nurse should consider and asses its appropriateness. Secondly, there is need to consider the ability of homecare agents, community and family to recognize exacerbation early signs in the patient, the ease and plan to call for a doctor in case of unmanageable patient situation(Bradley Curry, 2013). It is also important to understand whether the disease management coordinator has educated the family and the patient sufficiently on self-monitoring and self-management approaches before discharge. Another important consideration before discharging the patient includes the possibility or convenience for home visits by medical doctors to follow up on the patient treatment. Studies indicate that there is need to consider the possibility and capability of a patient engaging in active lifestyle which can support both their physical and mental health, airway clearance, and even enables an early detection of exacerbation of COPD for rapid response (Bolton et al, 2013). Further, there is need to consider the patients capability to adhere to medication, proper diet and smoking cessation plan while under homecare before discharging them. Usually adherence to medication is influenced by a patients perception of the effectiveness of the medication, and their individual depression moods, apart from demographic factors and the severity of the disease (Sallis, 2016). Appropriate dietary needs must be available for patients in homecare facilities so as to fasten healing and stabilization of COPD patients though physical exercises. Support Resources in the Community Learning Needs on Disease Process and Discharge Plan Among the support resources available to Bill McDonald in the community include the oxygen equipment and the community homecare nurse who can facilitate the availability of other resources. These can include indoor and outdoor platforms for physical exercises such as flat walking, body stretching, aerobics, and resistance exercises. According the British Thoracic Society there is need, to have resources for moderate intensity aerobic trainings in homes for COPD patients (Sallis, 2016). They should strive to achieve a 60% of the peak work rate within a 30-60 minute session. They also need to have resistance trainings to enhance the functioning of the major muscles at least each in every 48 hour interval. Proper diet and education materials on smoking cessation and self-management of COPD also form the most imperative tools for COPD patients (Nguyen et al, 2015). The community nurse as a resource can aid in educating the patient to monitor their own treatment process, assess and monito r their oxygen needs for both home and activity sessions while by extension addressing their psychosocial concerns and co-morbidity. In regard to learning needs a COPD patient like Bill McDonald requires education on; medication adherence, mobility, home oxygen titration, the use of pursed-lip breathing approach, airway clearance, smoking cessation approaches, avoidance means of exposure to any perfumes, dust, chemicals which trigger the exacerbation of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease among patients(Sallis, 2016). These learning needs are appropriate in regard to management and are important during patient discharge from hospitalized care. Knowing well that patients forget up to a whole 80% of the content they are taught after a hospital visit, a target of at least 50% retention of the teachings can be important for Bill. There is need to use the Teach Back approach which includes 5 major steps (Khdour et al, 2012); 1. Sharing the information on the above learning needs; 2 asking the patient to repeat the teachings; 3 listening to the information they have retained from the teachings; 4 sharing again the cru cial teachings on the identified learning needs and further; 5 asking again what the patient has picked from the teachings for clarifications. In particular the patient should first be taught on how to use both the metered dose inhaler (MDI) and/or the spacer in the administration of bronchodilators. Secondly the patient needs to be taught to stop smoking and that it is major cause of their chronic obstructive pulmonary disease status. The patient needs to be taught the pathophysiology of the disease and ways of preventing airway and alveoli wall inflammations (Turan et al, 2013). Thirdly, the patient needs to have an explicit understanding of the early indicators of COPD deterioration which may need a medical review. The patient should be informed on monitoring indicators to ensure that any rapid changes in the disease pattern are reported to the home care nurse and/or doctor (Nguyen et al, 2015). Further, the patient needs education and training on the promotion of adequate nutritional intake so as to meet the bodys metabolic needs. Conclusion In conclusion therefore, while COPD is a chronic condition that can be stabilized, exacerbations are life-threatening and therefore need stringent measures to be prevented. The above discussion brings out the definition of COPD and its description as a chronic condition that however can be extremely acute when exacerbation occurs especially among long-term smokers. The discussion focuses on highlighting the medical and nursing plans, patient education and the discharge plan of one case-Bill McDonald suffering from COPD exacerbations. As recommended by different health institutions, patient education needs include exercise, care for self, and smoking cessation strategies among others. References Bolton CE, Bevan-Smith EF, Blakey JD, et al (2013). British Thoracic Society guideline on pulmonary rehabilitation in adults: accredited by NICE. Thorax.;68(Suppl2):ii1-ii Eisner MD, Blanc PD, Yelin EH, et al(2010). Influence of anxiety on health outcomes in COPD. Thorax. 65(3):229-234. Hartman JE, Boezen HM, Zuidema MJ, De Greef MHG, Ten Hacken NHT(2014). Physical activity recommendations in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Respiration. ;88(2):92-100. Hillegass, E, Crouch R., Miller K.L (2017) Preventing re-admission with COPD: Transitioning from Acute to Home Care. Home Health Section of the American Physical Therapy Association: San Antonio. Khdour MR, Hawwa AF, Kidney JC, Smyth BM, McElnay JC (2012). Potential risk factors for medication non-adherence in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Eur J Clin Pharmacol. 68(10):1365-1373. Kim SM, Han HR. Evidence-based Strategies to Reduce Readmission in Patients With Heart Failure. Journal for Nurse Practitioners 9(4):224-232. Nguyen HQ, Rondinelli J, Harrington A, et al(2015). Functional status at discharge and 30-day readmission risk in COPD. Respir Med. 109(2):238-246. Sallis R.E.(2016). Call to action on making physical activity assessment and prescription a medical standard of care. Curr Sports Med Rep. Turan O, Yemez B, Itil O (2014). The effects of anxiety and depression symptoms on treatment adherence in COPD patients. Prim Health Care Res Dev. 2014;15(3): 244-251. Vestbo J, Hurd SS, Agust AG, et al (2013). Global Strategy for the Diagnosis, Management, and Prevention of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: GOLD Executive Summary. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 187(4):347-365. World Health Organization (2013). How to use the ICF: A Practical Manual for Using the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF). Exposure Draft for Comment. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2013. Web https://www.who.int/classifications/drafticfpracticalmanual2.pdf