Answer at least 5 queations thoroughly Assignment

Answer at least 5 queations thoroughly - Assignment Example However, caution adherence is paramount when using the traits to measure origins because characteristics of men and women are different. Also, mixed ancestry may cause complications. Metric traits are sex and age discriminatory while non-metric traits are mainly age discriminatory. Conclusively non-metric traits appear to be less discriminative and are more applicable. Apes have no tails; they are large and cumbersome; the body posture is upright, and the ratio of their brains to their body is bigger than the monkeys. Monkeys have tails, smaller body sizes with relatively equal hind limbs and forelimbs order (Walker and Suzanne 178). Primate is in two groups the Prosimians and anthropoids (simians). Monkey and apes fall under simians. Primate sub-orders Strepsirrhini, (wet-nosed primates), consisting of non-tarsier prosimians, and the suborder Haplorhini (dry-nosed primates), composed of tarsiers and the simians. Simians are sub-divided into catarrhine (narrow-nosed) and platyrrhine ("flat-nosed"). Catarrhine include great apes, baboons and macaques (old world monkey) while platyrrhine (New World monkeys) squirrel, howler and the capuchin. Monkeys and apes have certain similar features which they with the other primates, such features include climbing trees, movement skills like jumping from tree to tree. They all walk on two or four legs and swaying amid branches (Walker and Suzanne 226). The primates have only a pair of mammary glands, heterodyne dentition, and all have fingernails. Monkey and apes differ from other primates with their larger body sizes, condensed dependence on sense of smell, less specified color vision. They have a bony plate that forms back of the eye socket and merging two edges of maxilla at midline forms one bone. Finally, they have longer gestation and development stages. Primates have some common characteristics like

The First Essay Example for Free

The First Essay Andy Quans â€Å"The First† uses a wide variety of good techniques to express the effectiveness and understanding of the poem. There are three key techniques, which stand out in this poem. These techniques set the mood and show the viewers the real story behind the poem. The first technique used to show the effectiveness of this poem is a metaphor. An example of a metaphor in this poem is â€Å"narrative of death†. I think that this technique used helped with my understanding of how this person who is talking about their experience is grieving and shows the emotion of sadness and shock. This line tells the reader how much this person is confused and wonders at how it all happened. The impact of the death is described by the metaphor. Another great technique used is a rhetorical question. â€Å"Sleep? A bee?† is an example found in the first stanza of this poem. The effect that it has is making us wonder at how the death happened, and suggesting ways that could’ve caused the accident. The use of the technique in this way shows how Andy Quan was trying to come up with a reason for this unfortunate loss, making necessary excuses of how it could happen. The third technique that shows the theme of death and grief is imagery. The example found is â€Å"who drag around melancholy and nostalgia, luggage too heavy to be allowed on board†. This tells us how much sadness is filled up inside of the teller and how upsetting this lost, as being their first one, really is. This technique also helps to construct the meaning of the poem. Andy Quan indirectly expresses his emotion by using these three different techniques; metaphor, rhetorical question and imagery. The theme of death and grief is clearly shown throughout all the different examples of techniques. In my opinion, this particular poem expresses its true meaning through well thought phrases and techniques.

Juvenile Psychopaths :: Violent Crimes Teenagers Morals Essays

Juvenile Psychopaths What is the "super predator"? He or she are young hypercriminals who are committing acts of violence of unprecedented coldness and brutality. This newest phenomena in the world of crime is perhaps the most dangerous challenge facing society and law enforcement ever. While psychopaths are not new, this breed of super criminal exceeds the scope of psychopathic behavior. They are younger, more brutal, and completely unafraid of the law. While current research on the super predator is scarce, I will attempt to give an indication as to the reasons a child could become just such a monster. Violent teenage criminals are increasingly vicious. John DiIulio, Professor of Politics and Public Affairs at Princeton University, says that "The difference between the juvenile criminals of the 1950s and those of the 1970s and early 1980s was the difference between the Sharks and the Jets of West Side Story and the Bloods and the Crips. It is not inconceivable that the demographic surge of the next ten years will bring with it young criminals who make the Bloods and the Crips look tame." (10) They are what Professor DiIulio and others call urban "super predators"; young people, often from broken homes or so-called dysfunctional families, who commit murder, rape, robbery, kidnapping, and other violent acts. These emotionally damaged young people, often are the products of sexual or physical abuse. They live in an aimless and violent present; have no sense of the past and no hope for the future; they commit unspeakably brutal crimes against other people, often to gratify whatever urges or desires drive them at the moment and their utter lack of remorse is shocking.(9) Studies reveal that the major cause of violent crime is not poverty but family breakdown - specifically, the absence of a father in the household. Today, right now, one-fourth of all the children in the United States are living in fatherless homes - this adds up to 19 million children without fathers. Compared to children in two parent family homes, these children will be twice as likely to drop out of school, twice as likely to have children out of wedlock, and they stand more than three times the chance of ending up in poverty, and almost ten times more likely to commit violent crime and ending up in jail. (1) The Heritage Foundation - a Conservative think tank - reported that the rise in violent crime over the past 30 years runs directly

Oppressed Caribbean Culture Essay

Caribbean culture, in so far as it is conceded to exist, is at once the cause, occasion, and result of evolved and evolving paradoxes. The psychic inheritance of dynamic response to disparate elements interacting to find ideal, form, and purpose within set geographical boundaries over time could not have produced otherwise. The 1990s have witnessed no less of this, precisely because the decade serves to encapsulate contradictions in human development over the past half a millennium. The entire Caribbean, and indeed all of the modern Americas of which the Caribbean, like the United States, is only one part, are the creatures of the awesome process of cross-fertilization following on the encounters between the old civilizations of Europe, Africa, and Asia on foreign soil and they, in turn, with the old Amerindian civilizations developed on American soil long before Christopher Columbus set foot on it. It is a development that has helped to shape the history and modern condition of the world for some half a millennium and one that has resulted in distinctive culture-spheres in the Western hemisphere, each claiming its own inner logic and consistency. The Caribbean, at the core of which are a number of island nations, themselves in sub-regional groupings, is conscious of the dynamics of its development. For it rests firmly on the agonizing and challenging process actualized in simultaneous acts of negating and affirming, demolishing and constructing, rejecting and reshaping. Nowhere is this more evident that in the creative arts, themselves a strong index of a people’s cultural distinctiveness and identity. Admittedly, other indices of culture such as linguistic communication, which underpins the oral and indigenous scribal literatures of the region, religion, and kinship patterns, reveal the texture and internal diversity that are the result of cross-fertilization of differing elements. The result is an emerging lifestyle, worldview, and a nascent ontology and epistemology that all speak to Caribbean historical experience and existential reality, in some cases struggling to gain currency and legitimacy worldwide (and even among some of its own people) for being native-born and nativebred. For this is the original meaning of â€Å"Creole. † Whites born in the American colonies were regarded as â€Å"creoles† by their metropolitan cousins. And the Jamaican-born slaves were similarly differentiated from their â€Å"salt-water Negro† colleagues freshly brought in from West Africa. The term was soon to be hijacked by or attributed to the mulatto (half-caste) who defiantly claimed certified rootedness in the colonies–a status not as easily claimed by the person of African or European descent whose ancestry lay elsewhere, it was felt, other than in the Caribbean or the Americas. An understanding of the shared human thirst for freedom in terms of its cultural significance is critical. For the impulses that drive the Caribbean people (like people anywhere) to freedom within nation states, to the right to choose their own friends and political systems, and to independent paths to development are the same impulses that drive them to the creation of their own music, their own languages and literature, their own gods and religious belief-systems, their own kinship patterns, modes of socialization, and self-perceptions. All plans made for them from outside must take this fact into account, whatever may be the dictates of military and strategic interests or the statistical logic of tabulated growth rates and gross national products. The Caribbean people, faced as they are with the post-colonial imperative of shaping civil society and building nations, expect to be taken seriously in terms of their proven capacities to act creatively in coordinated social interaction over centuries in the Americas. They feel passionately that their history and experience are worthy of theory and explanation and expect others to understand and appreciate this fact. They are unique, paradoxically because they are like everybody else. The Caribbean has been engaged in freedom struggles and its inhabitants have been at the job of creating their own languages, and designing their own appropriate lifestyles for as long as and, in some cases, longer than most parts of what became the United States. Recognition of this and the according of the status due such achievement is a prized wish of all Caribbean people–Black, White, Mestizo, Indian (indigenous and transplanted), Chinese, and Lebanese. By general critical consent, the principal women writers in English to emerge, so far, from the Caribbean are the properly varied trio of Jamaica Kincaid (Elaine Potter Richardson) and Jean Rhys. I say â€Å"properly varied† because the immensely mixed political and social history of the Caribbean is reflected by and in its writers. Kincaid, the most experimental of the three, is seen by her admirers as a deliberate subverted of Dead White European Male modes of narrative. Yet any reader deeply immersed in Western literature will recognize that prose poetry, Kincaid’s medium, always has been one of the staples of literary fantasy or mythological romance, including much of what we call â€Å"children’s literature. † Centering almost always upon the mother-daughter relationship, Kincaid returns us inevitably to perspectives familiar from our experience of the fantasy narratives of childhood. Kincaid genuinely expresses her regard to Caribbean as those that have been â€Å"creolized† into indigenous form and purpose distinctively different from the original elements from which those expressions first sprang. With some of those original elements, especially those from a European source, themselves reinforcing their claims on the region, whether through politics, economic control, or cultural penetration, the Caribbean is becoming even more conscious not only of its own unique expressions but also of the dynamism and nature of the process underlying these expressions. These in turn constitute the basis for the claims made for a Caribbean identity. Jean Rhys, of Creole Dominican descent, is a formidable contrast to Marshall and seems to me the major figure to emerge thus far among Caribbean women writers. Though she lived mostly in Paris and England, the imagination of Rhys came fully alive in her novel of 1966, Wide Sargasso Sea, a remarkable retelling of Charlotte Bronte’s Jane Eyre from the perspective of Bertha Mason, Rochester’s mad first wife. The terrifying predicament of the 19th-century Creole women of the West Indies, regarded as â€Å"white niggers† by colonialists and as European oppressors by blacks, is presented by Rhys with unforgettable poignancy and force. Shrewdly exploiting the modernist formal originalities of her mentor, Ford Maddox Ford, Rhys achieved a near masterpiece in Wide Sargasso Sea. Allusive, parodistic, and intensely wrought, the novel remains the most successful prose fiction in English to emerge from the Caribbean matrix. In Wide Sargasso Sea, the starting point is this placelessness. Although Rhys’s novel starts with Antoinette’s childhood in Coulibri, its boundaries lie outside the novel in another woman’s text. In Jane Eyre we have the madwoman Bertha locked up in the attic of Thornfield Hall. The significant title â€Å"Wide Sargasso Sea† refers to the dangers of the sea voyage. Rochester first crosses the Atlantic alone to a place which threatens to destroy him, then once more, bringing his new wife to England. Both Rochester and Antoinette are transformed through this passage. Rochester gives Antoinette a new name, Bertha, and in England she finally is locked up as mad. Rhys finds her own place in Jane Eyre, â€Å"a prisoner of another’s desire. † She sets out to describe that place and, in doing that, she redefines it as her own. In her challenge to Jane Eyre, Rhys draws on the collective experience of black people as sought out, uprooted, and transported across the Middle Passage and finally locked up and brutally exploited for economic gain. She uses this experience and the black forms of resistance as modes through which the madwoman in Jane Eyre is recreated. In the film version Wide Sargasso Sea develops stereotypes of Black West Indians that strongly mirror Bogle’s discussion of classic film depictions of African Americans. The inner stereotype in the film is that of the â€Å"tragic mulatto† which, the film hints, describes Angelique, the evidently White child who has been raised by Blacks. Although Angelique insists on her â€Å"Whiteness,† a menacing dark skinned stranger claims at diverse points in the film to be her brother through her father’s relationship with a slave. The viewer is left to consider whether the widowed plantation owner seen at the beginning of the film is actually Angelique’s mother. While it does not answer this question directly, it obviously shows through Angelique’s actions that her culture is far more African than European. These suspicions, actions, and Angelique’s reliance on the ex-slave Christophine ultimately destroy her marriage and drive her insane. Christophine, herself, fulfills the â€Å"mammy† role since the film portrays her as a constant presence who fiercely guards Angelique from all dangers. In the West Indian context, though, she is given a twist, as she is not only guardian angel but also a practitioner of the magical art of â€Å"obeah. † This portrayal — a staple of films dealing with the West Indies — is never completely developed. Nevertheless, the film permits us to witness its potency, as Angelique, despairing of keeping her husband’s love, calls on Christophine to develop a magical potion to bind his affections to hers. One opponent for those affections is Emily, a young Black servant who might well be characterized as a female â€Å"Black buck† — a sexual predator who seduces a married White man into interracial unfaithfulness. Finally, there is Nelson, the long-suffering head of the household who intimately approximates Bogle’s â€Å"Tom. In the film, insults of various sorts that are directed towards him result only in silence and a determination to remain a faithful servant. Though, in Dominican novelist Jean Rhys Wide Sargasso Sea (1966), the island’s riotous vegetation and dramatic landscape are depicted with an ominous intensity that prompts the protagonist’s English husband to equate it with evil. Lally, the narrator of another Dominican classic, Phyllis Shand Allfrey The Orchid House ( 1953), faced with the menacing power the island’s nature exerts over Stella and Andrew, ruefully concludes that the island offered nothing but beauty and disease. Rhys’s protagonists, most evidently Antoinette in Wide Sargasso Sea, share a view of England as deadening, grey and emotionally destructive. England is a place of hypocrites, and the English have a ‘bloody, bloody sense of humour’. With a West Indian accent, she goes on, ‘and stupid, lord, lord’ (Wide Sargasso Sea: 134). But it remains Rhys’s place, the source of those English books which provided an early contribution to her construction of herself as writer. The idea of definitive national origin and affiliation is a source of anxiety for Rhys’s protagonists. For Rhys herself nationality was complicated by her exile and her race: also England did not value her Caribbean origins. For Rhys’s women, as perhaps for herself, England is also a place where human emotions, especially those associated with sexuality, are outlawed or repressed; she described sex in a letter of 1949 as a ‘strange Anglo-Saxon word’ (Abalos, David T. 1998, 66). Hemond Brown comments that Rhys’s attitude to England remained remarkably consistent over her whole writing career: ‘For those fifty-odd years, England meant to her everything she despised’ (Bandon, Alexandra. 1995). But despite this, she surely demonstrated in her characterisation of working-class English chorus girls and call girls and Rochester (perhaps informed by her important attachments to Lancelot Grey, Hugh Smith, Leslie Tilden Smith and Max Hamer, all upper- or middle-class Englishmen), that the poor Englishwoman and even the colonizing, socially secure Englishman have their own areas of serious emotional damage. She may have blown off steam sometimes, but in her fiction she took pains to be fair to the country which had both given her sustained literary identity and denied her dignity. In the Caribbean, complex racial narratives are the most powerful signifiers, although class increasingly reverberates now. In England, in Rhys’s lifetime, it was the class narrative which primarily constructed identity, though Rhys clearly writes the importance of race as a formative self-construction from her Dominican childhood. She sometimes sees race and class as equally important even in England, as in the case of Selina, who carries Rhys’s own outlaw status during an important period of her life. In the two explicitly Caribbean novels, Voyage in the Dark and Wide Sargasso Sea, race is evidently a major source of identity. Jean Rhys had long described the cultural dialectic of his region’s historical experience and contemporary reality in the following way: â€Å"But the tribe in bondage learned to fortify itself by cunning assimilation of the religion of the Old World. What seemed to be surrender was redemption. What seemed the loss of tradition was its renewal. What seemed the death of faith was its rebirth†. Caribbean existential reality is here portrayed as a creature of paradox. Surface appearances may well be masks for their opposites. What one sees is not likely to be what one gets. Other similar manuscript was in â€Å"Goodbye Mother† by Reinaldo Arenas, the grief inundated daughters Ofelia, Otilia, Odilia and Onelia kill themselves in front of their dead mum just for their cadavers to occasion a series of triumphant choruses from the legion of rats and maggots who feast on the putrefactory banquet. Neither of these authors, nor the evenly talented Rene Depestre and the former Dominican President Juan Bosch, is Anglophonic. It’s usually believed that the most excellent Caribbean literature in English consists of chronological polemics On the other hand Cristina Garcia novel â€Å"Dreaming In Cuban† tells the stories of the women of a Cuban family, scattered by revolution but still connected through a shared past. The narrative is polyphony of several voices who, in turn, describe their world from their viewpoint. Characters include Lourdes, an anti-Castro exile who runs a chain of â€Å"Yankee Doodle Bakeries,† and Felicia, whose perceptions connect and blur the lines between insanity and santeria. Pillar, Lourdes’s daughter and an aspiring punk artist, is determined to return to Cuba to reconnect with her grandmother and make her present life meaningful. She laments that history does not tell the important stories and longs to recover Cuba for herself: â€Å"[T]here’s only imagination where our history should be† (138). In the title of Dreaming in Cuban, â€Å"Dreaming† includes all the diverse dreams of Garcia’s female protagonists about the nature of being Cuban, what it is to be Cuban, to dream, not in American, but in Cuban. This necessitates Garcia’s taking into account all the conflicting elements of contemporary Cuban-ness for Cuban and Cuban American women. Amazingly, she never invalidates or disputes the diverse and conflicting perspectives of these different dreamers. She succeeds by giving readers a complexity of experience beyond binaries, where many diverse and conflicting perspectives circle around one another endlessly. These differences are constructed by differences in the various ideologies that the characters embrace communism, capitalism, traditional gender relations, voodoo, and feminism–and also by differences in their experiences due to varying historical locations in time and place.

CAD/USD Exchange Rate

The Canadian dollar has significantly appreciated against the U. S. dollar since the beginning of 2000. The CAD/USD exchange rate (currency in USD) increased from 0. 686 to 1. 015 as of March 18, 2011. There was a trend of CAD appreciation in 2003-2008, followed by a rapid depreciation in the second half of 2008. Since the beginning of 2009, CAD has risen sharply and has been trading about at par with USD for the last two years. The recent CAD appreciation was caused by a number of factors and lead to certain economic consequences, which are discussed next. Causes of the Canadian Dollar Appreciation Appreciation of the Canadian dollar in the last years can be explained by internal factors, such as performance of Canadian economy and interest rates, and external factors, such as commodity prices and weakness of the U. S. economy. State of Canadian economy. Canada has been quickly recovering from the recent recession. For the year 2010, real GDP grew 3. 1%, following a decline of 2. 5% in 2009. Strong economy makes Canada an attractive target for investors who seek secure returns. This raises the demand for the Canadian currency and, therefore, pushes the exchange rate upward. This argument is supported by the exchange rate fluctuations in the above graph. The Canadian dollar was rising as the economy began to recover in the late 2009. State of the U. S. economy. Rise in CAD/USD exchange rate can be largely attributed to depreciation of the U. S. dollar. The U. S. dollar has historically been a safe investment target for many investors. However, now this situation is changing and demand for the currency is falling. The U. S. economy has been facing serious difficulties in the recent years. The country’s trade deficit was almost $500 billion in 2010, a 33% increase from 2009. The U. S. s also the world largest borrower with a $4,453 billion of foreign debt. Weak economy and high uncertainty are turning investors away from the American dollar, which is supported by its depreciation against other major currencies. Commodity prices. As Canada is a large producer and exporter of raw materials, the Canadian dollar is strongly affected by commodity prices. Many commodity prices, especially gold and copper, have been rising recently, making the associated industries more profitable and strengthening the Canadian economy. Strong economy, in turn, attracts more investor, and the Canadian dollar appreciated due to increased demand. Interest rate differentials. The U. S. Federal Reserved has lowered the interest rate to current 0. 25% since 2008 in order to stimulate the economic growth. Canada currently has a higher interest rate of 1% and thus attracts more investors for its short-term assets. Demand for the Canadian dollar increases and puts an upward pressure on the exchange rate. Consequences of the Canadian Dollar Appreciation Effect on trade. The exchange rate has an important impact on Canadian trade performance, especially with its largest trading partner, the U. S. The Canadian economy significantly relies on its export activity, but stronger Canadian dollar makes the country’s exports more expensive to foreigners and can decrease the trading volume. According to Statistics Canada, exports to the U. S. fell in 2009 by 36. 4%. Exports then increased slightly in 2010, but still the amount was around C$73. 6 billion under the 2008 level. To prevent their exports from falling and keep their market share, Canadian companies have to lower their price and sacrifice some profit. However, decline in exports should not be attributed only to the currency appreciation. The U. S. economical health and trade agreements also affect the trading activity between two countries. On the other side, Canadian importers benefit from the currency appreciation. Canadian manufacturers can acquire materials, machinery and equipment at a lower cost, which leads to increased capital investment and productivity growth. Thus, strong currency is harmful to exporters and beneficial to importers. The dollar appreciation decreases Canadian export and increases imports, which negatively affects the trade balance and lower GDP’s growth. However, lower import costs offset negative consequences of export decline, and the total effect of the currency appreciation becomes muted. Effect on industries and provinces. Not all industries are affected evenly by the currency appreciation. Manufacturers that heavily depend on exports of their production are affected the most. Such industries include forestry, transportation equipment, and machinery. Imported inputs, however, should also be taken into account when assessing the total effect of the appreciation. Industries that use high imported content in their production are less hurt by the rising dollar. For example, transportation equipment industry highly depends on export, but it also has high ratio of imports to production and can profit from cheaper imports. On the contrary, industries that heavily rely on exports but use low foreign content in production, such as forestry, are affected most adversely. The same logic applies to Canadian provinces. Highly export-oriented provinces such as Ontario, Quebec and British Columbia are influenced significantly by the currency appreciation. Effect on unemployment. Rising Canadian dollar makes labour costs comparatively higher and increase the total production costs in export-oriented industries. Profit margin falls, and manufacturers decrease their labour force. They also add more machinery and equipment as the imported capital become more attractive due to the appreciating dollar. For example, in 2010, manufacturing sector experienced a loss of 37,000 jobs compared to 2009. This decrease in employment can be partially explained by the stronger dollar. Effect on productivity. Stronger Canadian dollar can have a positive impact on the country’s productivity. Productivity greatly affects the country’s living standard. Improved productivity results in higher output, profits, wages and, eventually, the standard of living. As exchange rate increases, Canadian output becomes relatively less competitive in international markets, and domestic companies start to lose their profits. Competition among manufacturers gets more intense, and companies try to retain their profits by increasing their productivity through investment in more efficient machinery and equipment. Companies’ capital to labour ratio rises due to lower cost of imported equipment, and increased use of capital leads to improved productivity in the long run. With lower exchange rate, Canadian firms are more profitable and have more money for capital investment, but with stronger dollar, imported capital and materials become relatively cheaper. On the other hand, higher exchange rate makes Canada less attractive for foreign direct investment because of relatively higher labour costs. The extent of this effect is limited, but the country still loses potential productivity gains. It is important for Canada to increase its productivity and relative competitiveness for the long-run strengthening of the economy in order to make the effects the currency appreciation less severe. To conclude, the appreciation of the Canadian dollar caused by a number of factors has a considerable effect on the country’s trade balance, industries, employment and productivity. However, these causes and consequences should not be considered in isolation but rather interdependently, and fundamentals such as economic performance of Canada or the U. S. should be taken into account.

Evolution of the American Punishment Essay Example

Evolution of the American Punishment Essay Example Evolution of the American Punishment Essay Evolution of the American Punishment Essay Punishment is a method of creating order in the society. For this reason, it has been applied since time immemorial to contain bad behavior and create order in the community. However, some forms of punishment used were harsher than others. For instance, although some of the penalty applied in the colonial America are similar to those used presently. Most of the ruling utilized in the past would be extreme in the current era (Dorpat, 2007). Early American punishment that would be intolerable today include stocks, pillory, whipping posts, ducking stool, and hanging ropes. These methods entailed torture that was focused on requesting a confession from the accused person. On the contrary, the present method includes incarceration, probation, parole, and restitution which are more humanly than the colonial techniques. The similarity, however, occurs in fines and bind outs where offender pays or works under someone for a specified time (Dorpat, 2007). The secular law entailed a political, religious, and social change trend that occurred in the America which purports neutrality regardless of the religious, or ethnic background. In the law, all citizens are treated equally. It sprouted with the formation of the States as more liberal turned up advocating for equal human rights (Beard, Ekelund, Ford, Gaskins, Tollison, 2013). In particular, secularism looked to acquire equal chances for people who were breaking away from religion. The law eliminates religious fanaticism allowing people to think and act freely. Moreover, everyone has an opportunity to believe as they desire. Despite the positive influence of the law, secularism has hurt the American society as it records the highest immorality and obscenity that even the musician use openly (Beard, Ekelund, Ford, Gaskins, Tollison, 2013). Early forms of punishment were executed for several reasons. The judges punished the offenders as an example to the community, warning others to avoid committing the same crime. Also, the judgment was intended to shame the lawbreaker in the society, inflict pain, and demand a confession (Dorpat, 2007). Today, most of the punishments focus on rehabilitating the offender to a better person that can be accepted in the society. The other reason that is similar to those of the early times include revenge in the case of execution and to inflict pain through caning (Dorpat, 2007). References Beard, R. T., Ekelund, R. B., Ford, G. S., Gaskins, B., Tollison, R. D. (2013). Secularism, Religion, and Political Choice in the United States. Politics and Religion, 753-777. doi:dx.doi.org/10.1017/S1755048313000047 Dorpat, T. L. (2007). Crimes of Punishment: Americas Culture of Violence. Crimes of Punishment.;

Era Of Rapid Globalization Animation Essay Example

Era Of Rapid Globalization Animation Essay Example Era Of Rapid Globalization Animation Essay Era Of Rapid Globalization Animation Essay In Era of rapid Globalization, there has ever been a much talked about issue Poverty which is so optimum globally. My essay work consists all possible aggregation such as constructs, statistics, facts, causes, grounds, sentiment etc. on subjects related to the inquiry, been answered here. What factors precisely contributes towards the decrease of World Poverty A ; development in Countries? How does it do alterations to universe crisis? What changes does it do? The impression is to pull the decision while looking at all the facets at the same time. At my best, I have composed the coursework with a consideration on all the of import points. Why A ; How the one I made a strong pick to favor, can be the more exerting force to battle in bettering of developing states? Puting my point frontward, I potentially see Foreign Direct Investment ( FDI ) as the one chief factor or scheme over Corporate Social Responsibility ( CSR ) in manner to cut down World Poverty and a batch many other respects. With the concrete grounds in front, I have compiled my Essay work on the way to reason the same. A huge scope of information refering the FDI A ; CSR has been reviewed widely in the context of planetary poorness. The provided facts, dependable beginnings and informations have been a great aid to look upon in footings to take successfully A ; confidentially to a decision that FDI ( maximising benefits, minimising costs ) makes a sterling part to the developing states and at the same time combating with the Global poorness. FDI s neer stoping part, distribution, conductivity and direction etc. provides with the strong land to the return it in consideration steadfastly in farther treatment on bettering Poverty in universe. Whereas, CSR makes its ain part likewise FDI in development of states economic system in overplus of ways. On the contrary, it is on the same mission to supply the development A ; developed states with benefits on economic system growing A ; other facets too.CSR is loosely based on voluntary enterprises which depends on, whether to regulate the procedure of contributating towards the universe or non. As one more twelvemonth of hapless agricultural production has left 1000000s in pressing pursuit for nutrient It is one of the captions that are usually seen in the last updates on the status in developing states. The crunch, which the states see themselves in, seems to be never-stopping and merely roll uping from twelvemonth to twelvemonth with rarest of reformations. There are figure of indicants to procure a impression on what works better in footings of betterment globally in every regard. On the footing of strong analysis A ; facts available, I have drawn my decision and with an immense survey on the construction. I have been able to come to the determination to back up FDI over CSR for many of logics. WORLD POVERTY At a Glance A Proverb says The poorness of the hapless is their ruin Poverty is an issue, encountered by a headlong per centum of civilisation globally. World Poverty is something that all grown up people around the universe must hold thought about it at least one time. World Poverty is an issue that has been for many decennaries now. It s true that all worlds have been sent to the planet equal, but after human began to educate, people got optimally divided into three groups as hapless people, in-between category, and rich people. Poverty Facts A ; Statisticss About half the universe over 3 billion people s endurance is on less than $ 2.50 a twenty-four hours. By World Bank Development { USD dollars a twenty-four hours at 2005 Power Purchase Point ( PPP ) } At least 80 % of universe population survives on less than $ 10 a twenty-four hours. More than 80 % of planetary population survives in states where income transmittals are spread outing. Poorest 40 % of planetary population involvements for 5 % of secular income. The richest 20 % involvements for three-fourthss of planetary income. UNICEF stated, 25 thousand kids die every individual twenty-four hours due to poverty. And they die mutely in some of the poorest small towns on planet, far removed from the analysis and the sense of the universe. Bing mild and weak in life makes these deceasing heights even more delusory in decease. Children around 27 28 % in developing states are counted to be malnourished. The two outstanding parts that estimate for the majority of the inadequate are South Asia and sub-Saharan Africa. Based on a school registration informations, 72 million kids of simple school age in the underdeveloped universe were non in school in twelvemonth 2005 ; 57 % of them were misss ( beginning: World Bank Development indexs 2008 ) . About, a billion people have arrived in the twenty-first century incapable of reading a book or subscribing their names. Less than 1 % of what the human race spent individual twelvemonth on weaponries was required to acknowledge every kid into school by the twelvemonth 2000 and yet it did non go on. Fatal and Infectious diseases carry on to disaster the lives of the hapless all across the planetary. Estimated, 40 million people lasting with HIV/AIDS, with 3 million deceases in twelvemonth 2004. Each twelvemonth there are 350-500 million cases of malaria, with 1 million losingss of lives. Africa accounts for 90 % of deceases from malaria and African kids account for over 80 % of malaria sick persons universally. Poverty is a status when one can non carry through basic human demands like nutrient, H2O, vesture and shelter. Why is it so? Will it be right to fault on hapless people for their ain quandary? Were they lazy, made hapless determinations, and been responsible for their status? What about their Managements? Did they restart policies that truly harm successful development? These causes of poorness and inequality are doubtless true ; any which ways the deepest causes of poorness are neer discussed. Behind the addition of interrelated promises by globalisation are planetary determinations, planetary patterns A ; planetary policies. They are classically affected and motivated by the rich and dominant people. These can be the chief economic system running people of rich states or other planetary participants as transnational corporations and establishments. With such monolithic external control, the authorities and general populace of these hapless states are frequently powerless and of h apless states and their people are frequently powerless. Hence ensuing in rich people acquiring richer and the hapless subdivision going more weak and hapless. Foreign Direct Investment The last decennaries of the 20th century was marked by increasing globalisation that spurs up the economic growing and therefore considered a built-in portion of the economic system. Foreign direct investing ( FDI ) is a signifier of investing that earns involvement or income which is non from the place state of the investor but any other geographical country outside. It is termed as direct investings it might even affect puting up the substructure like mills and installations in the foreign land. The chief intent of foreign direct investing is that it supports the economic development of the state where the investing is being made. Foreign direct investing requires concern relationships between the parent company and its foreign subordinate and therefore it gives rise to transnational companies. A investing can be termed as FDI either the parent company keep 10 % of ordinary portions in the subordinate or it has the vote rights in the subordinate it owns in foreign land. FDI is by and large applicable for economically developing states, it seems to be the major beginning of external funding for these states, and it has besides helped states at the clip of their economic crisis, a illustration of this is when east Asiatic states had a fiscal convulsion in 1997 98, they were able to last merely because of significant sum of foreign investings was there which steadied them. Over the old ages this rapid growing and alterations in the manner the concerns are run FDI has broadened the acquisitions and take over outside the place state, it besides includes any strategic confederations, amalgamations or joint ventures.it provides companies with new markets that they can research, acquire cheaper installations and accomplishments, therefore bring forthing more net incomes and grosss and the host state acquire the benefit of investings, capital, new technological and direction accomplishments, this in fact besides spurs up the competition in the local markets. It besides increases the occupation chances and besides helps in increasing the wages of the workers, which increases the general life style of the people. FDI besides acts as a accelerator and helps in brining the involvement rates down in the development states, which makes it much easier to borrow money and helps little and average sized concerns. Types of Foreign Direct Investments Outward Bound FDI This type FDI is supported by the authorities against all types of hazards, this signifier of FDI gets revenue enhancement inducements on assorted signifiers. Inwards Bound FDI- This type of FDI is supported by the parent company, it brings in all the capital needed from its place state, it gets all grants and subsidies Vertical FDI It takes topographic point when a transnational owns some portions in the foreign company and the end product is used by the parent company Horizontal FDI It takes topographic point when a transnational company carries out the same concern they do in the place state in its outside subordinates Corporate Social Responsibility ( CSR ) What or what non CSR ( UN org, Department of Economic A ; Social Affairs, Issue 1, February 2007, www.un.org A ; www.unrisd.org ) CSR can be explained as the overall part of concern to sustaina ­ble development. Specifying corporate societal respon ­sibility in more item than this remains a annoyed issue. Over the past decennary, more and more organisations have got engaged in the construct of corporate societal duty. It talks about how do administrations administer their moral and ethical duties in today s planetary environment. Business does nt be in isolation, there are stakeholders, clients, providers who all gets affected a what and how organisations do work, it reflects how the concern impacts on the wider universe, its non merely making the right thing but besides acting responsibly. Corporate societal duty, designed specifically by corporations, is rooted in the rules of voluntary conformity and self-regulation. Despite perennial calls for greater public sector engagement, corporations insist that governmental ordinance of CSR would smother advancement, quash invention, and syphon financess from societal and environmental plans. Polarizing the options of self ordinance and authorities ordinance denies the find of other theoretical accounts that may break run into the corporate ends of concern, public bureaus, and NGOs. Until such a via media is reached, it appears that we are left with the flawed CSR hodgepodge of non-regulatory codifications of behavior, voluntary criterions, and societal audits. Last few old ages have witnessed lifting significance on corporate societal duty, chiefly as concerns aboutclimate changeare going usual. There have been unfavorable judgments of CSR from free trade capitalists and anti globalisation conservationist. The capitalists normally feels that anything hurdling the manner of net incomes is non good and the militant feels that corporations are utilizing CSR to mend damaged images or else portray a good image of the patterns while non turn toing cardinal issues. Benefits of CSR CSR conceals environmental and societal issues, in malice of the English term corporate societal duty. CSR helps you in guaranting that you comply with regulative demands. CSR should non be different from its concern scheme. Its reflects the degree of interaction within internal and external stakeholders. Its makes the organistaion more competitory. Favoring FDI: Basically, CSR being a new arrived amp ; voluntary construct, though states accepting it but at the same point of clip they do nt denying the fact that, Corporate societal duty is viewed as a procedure and non as a finish. It emerged in response to public letdown with the traditional scheme of concern and continues to be driven by a combination of forces affecting consumers, stockholders, and citizens. In last 5 old ages, attempts have been made to beef up the CSR motion through earnest procedures of standardizing, coverage, and scrutinizing societal and environmental public presentation. Yet, advancement is limited by the world that CSR remains perfectly voluntary, self-regulated motion. The challenges confronting CSR in the planetary economic system are reflected in its limited credence by the oil and gas sector. For the most portion, energy companies are looking for chances to prosecute corporate societal duty that remain within the parametric quantities of the traditional concer n theoretical account. There remains, overall, an uncertainness over corporate societal duty and its related substructure. It is banal but true that CSR requires clip and experience to turn out whether it is more than a ephemeral direction scheme. If the force per unit area from public continues to originate against companies who act with freedom and if authoritiess are assigned a function in the controlling and administrating of corporate activity, CSR could go a escalated and maintainable motion. But, if the position quo continues, corporate societal duty will probably be abolished as a direction scheme that secures work for public dealingss advisers and societal hearers but non much more. Whereas FDI has ever been taken into consideration being a steady flow for economic system to the host states. It generates grosss and creates substructure, employment with better wage graduated table and installations which doubtless support the people of the universe and provides with the chance. Since 1980 FDI has increased enormously. Further to this, particular revenue enhancement inducements have been offered by many states to pull capital from worldwide. Though, non uniformly but by and large while microeconomic surveies find negative impact of growing from foreign investings, figure of macroeconomics surveies find a optimistic correlativities between FDI A ; growing. FDI besides contributes to development and growing via its impact on productiveness. Foreign investing is conveying out advanced engineering and thoughts that enhance its direct consequence on investing and growing. With FDI, many positions are already in action and opening up nationally A ; internationally such as import A ; export of engineering, good A ; services and much more. Likewise, the host state can transparently see the hard currency flow through Foreign Direct Investment. Additionally, measuring FDI s impact on economic growing, economic experts have besides evaluated its effects on employment, rewards and working conditions. However, much of the empirical work that has been done in this country aims on pay inequality and the bond between FDI, pay and employment degrees is less good understood. Decision: Hence we see that in the current context of increasing globalisation, there exist many statements that it may non impact the poor.FDI is besides considered an built-in portion of the economic system. Hence to what extent FDI contributes to poverty decrease may be a relevant inquiry to the state? FDI influences on poorness decrease can be classified into direct and indirect impacts. The indirect impact contributes through the FDI part to economic growing ; one of the major factors for poorness decrease. FDI besides contributes to the revenue enhancement income of the province budget and may therefore ease the authorities led plans for the hapless in the development states. Furthermore FDI may bring on host authoritiess to put in the substructure. If this investing is in the hapless countries it may profit the local hapless. The direct impact on poorness is assumed to be its effects on unemployment. CSR is more company focused and it s based on company s ain schemes whereas FDI looks into a much broader image and is a cardinal ingredient for economic development and assisting to battle poorness Harmonizing to my sentiment I believe that FDI is the most effectual scheme in battling the universe developing poorness in comparing with corporate societal duty Bibliographies: Online beginnings www.un.org www.unrisd.org Books FDI for Development: maximizing benefits A ; minimising costs ( OECD ) International HRM ; writers A ; editors: Anne-Wil K Harzing, Joris Van Ruysseveldt, 2004. International Human Resources Management: Writers Tony Edwards and Chris Rees, 2006 Rich Country Interests and Third universe development: Writers Robert Cassen, Richard reasonably, toilet sewell and Robert wood Poverty and Aid: writer JR Parkinson, 1983. Diaries ( online ) Peter Utting, CSR and equality. Third World Quarterly, Vol. 28, No. 4, 2007 ( www.unrisd.org ) Foreign Direct Investment, Development and Gender Equity: A Review of Research and Policy, writer: Elissa Braunstein, January 2006 ( UNRISD ) Corporate Social Responsibility: International Perspectives ; Rensselaer working documents in Economics ( Deptt. of Economics ) , Writers: Abagail McWilliams, Donald S. Siegel A ; Patrick M. Wright ( March 2006 )

How to become an OTR driver

How to become an OTR driver When you think of the phrase â€Å"truck driver,† you’re probably envisioning an over-the-road (OTR) truck driver: someone who drives a big rig long distances to deliver a load of freight. As opposed to delivery drivers, who typically have set local routes, OTR truckers can transport goods across the county, state, or even country. There’s something very appealing and old-school about the idea of hitting the open road- is it the right option for you? What does an OTR trucker do?OTR trucking (also known as long-haul trucking) is a type of driving that involves using large tractor-trailer trucks to haul freight of all kinds (including heavy loads of goods, machinery, or other equipment) long distances. Routes are typically across state lines, and may include parts of the United States and Canada- basically anywhere accessible by main roads and highways.This is definitely not your typical 9-to-5 job. These drivers work on demanding schedules and can be away from hom e for weeks at a time. These schedules may require driving nights, weekends, or holidays to meet unforgiving deadlines. It can also be a very solitary job, with drivers often traveling alone on long trips.What skills does an OTR trucker have?OTR truckers are masters of logistics and need to have a number of skills ready to go, on the road or not.Driving Skills:  This may seem like a no-brainer, but OTR drivers require some next-level driving skills. Drivers should drive with an eye on safety and their freight at all times. And in addition to a commercial driver’s license (CDL), a clean driving record is essential for scoring a job in OTR trucking.Mechanical Skills:  Out on the road, you may need to be your own mechanic, if something happens out of AAA range or a place where the nearest mechanic is miles away. OTR drivers should have a solid base set of mechanical skills to be able to troubleshoot minor mechanical difficulties along the way.Time Management Skills:  Nothi ng drives (pun mostly intended) a trucker’s world more than the delivery schedule. Truckers need to be able to manage their time independently and efficiently to make sure they’re delivering their freight on schedule.Self-Starter Skills:  Out on the road, you won’t have a boss looking over your shoulder to make sure you’re doing everything that needs doing or staying on task and on time. Truckers should be able to independently determine what needs to be done and develop a game plan for delivering the load on schedule and without major issues.What do you need to become an OTR trucker?The most essential step in becoming an OTR driver is getting your CDL certification. The licensing process may vary by state, but will involve a combination of a written test and a practical driving test. As with any driving test, you can go it alone and try to cram on your own, but there are many commercial driving schools that offer programs that train you, walk you throu gh testing, and prepare you for what life will be like as an OTR driver. The CDL focuses on the skills and mechanical know-how necessary to operate large tractor trailers. You can also get optional certification in specialties like transporting hazardous materials.How much do OTR drivers get paid?According to the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, the median annual salary for delivery drivers is $41,430, or $19.87 per hour. This can vary pretty widely, depending on factors like the driver’s experience level, the type of freight being transported, and the distance. Some drivers are paid a flat rate for an entire trip, while others are paid by the mile.What’s the outlook for OTR drivers?This is a very steady field and will continue to be so. The U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics anticipates that the OTR driving field will grow by about 5% by 2024.

General Motors Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

General Motors - Essay Example Studies so far show an increase in job layoffs and lack of foresight on the part of GM on what customers want. More research is needed on whether GM is actually making an effort to improve in these areas and what programs they have in place. Customer and employee satisfaction: The recent effort on GM's part to save on health costs in an agreement with United Auto Workers union will not increase employee incentive since the effort adversely affects the employees by increasing co-pay for doctor's visits and pharmacy. In the growing Asian and European markets, GM has not kept up, focusing on light trucks when customers were more interested in owning cars. Further research will determine how GM plans to change its focus. Brand visibility: Asian and European auto brands have long been established as being well made and long lasting, with American brands suffering by comparison. At one time, American automakers pushed for customers to "Buy American," a patriotic ploy that increased market share for GM until Asian and European companies opened companies in America. Even so, foreign cars continue to be considered superior. A study of GM's research and development efforts will tell the story on future efforts. Global marketplace: Even though GM has addressed the Chinese market with Shanghai GM, problems have already been experienced in the company, with recall of Buick models. The saving factor here is that there was a recall of foreign brand cars as well. The future of GM depends on attention to: 1. Positive brand visibility 2. Global interaction through partnership and mergers 3. Increasing customer and employee satisfaction Work remaining As noted in the progress report above, several areas need further study. First, the history of General Motors from its beginnings to its phenomenal success in the 1990s should set the foundation for where GM is at present and what it must do in the future. In addition, comparisons with other American automakers and the efforts being made to increase the customer base must be made. Once this foundation is put in place, it is necessary to look beyond the American market and learn what GM has done to meet foreign competition and just how successful they have been so far in the 21st century (Appendix A). Toyota is obviously making a concerted effort to reach No. 1 in the automobile market, and the final report will show whether GM can maintain its lead and resolve its issues in the near future or whether it will not only lose to Toyota but be taken over by them as well. Appendix A: NPR Study in 2005 by Diane Geng By the Numbers General Motors Toyota Best selling vehicle In U.S. Chevrolet Silverado 680,768 sold in 2004 Toyota Camry 426,990 sold in 2004 U.S. sales in 2005 4,454,386 down 4.3% from 2004 2,260,296 up 10.1% from 2004 Profitability per vehicle Losses $2,331 per vehicle Makes $1,488 per vehicle Worldwide sales in 2005 9.2 million 8.2 million Global market share In 2005 14.2% down from 14.6% in 2002 12% up

Econ Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 4

Econ - Essay Example He is known for his works which include: A Discourse on the Commonwealth of this Realm of England (1549). Sir William Petty considered taxes, land and labor as the most important resources of the growth and acquisition of national income. He came up with several ways to optimize the collection and generation of taxes while being fair to every individual. He believed and recommended that the taxes collected should be just equal to the nation’s expenditure. Petty was against poll taxes and the unequal taxation of the poor excessively (Petty p30). He came up with strategies to raise taxes fairly. He suggested that imports should be taxed, but only in a way that they would be at the same level with the locally produced products. He also began turning his concerns towards income distribution and the relative value created by the contributions; He was talking of diminishing returns on land relative to their distance from the market (Petty p84). This was a result of the initiation of the idea that rent on land was a surplus above wage payments. He also initiated the â€Å"labor theory of value†. This stated that the value of goods produced should have been determined by the number amount of time the labor went into it. The Basic theme of The Discourse on the Commonwealth of this Realm of England was an attack on debasement which Sir Thomas Smith was openly against; this even led to his exile. He claimed that debasement was responsible for social unrest, high prices and inflation, and the biggest losers were fixed income earners. In his works he claimed that the King was one of the biggest losers from the high prices caused by debasement, since it adds immediately to the king’s revenue and before the rise of prices comes, contrarily the king is the prime beneficiary of monetary measures of inflation and debasement (Rothbard p67). Smith was a mercantilist as seen by his

Comparing and contrasting functionalist,marxist and feminist Essay

Comparing and contrasting functionalist,marxist and feminist perspective on religion - Essay Example Religion refers to those socially shared ways of thinking, feeling, and acting that have to do with the supernatural or "beyond" (Zanden 371). For Shepard, Religion is a unified system of beliefs and practices relative to sacred things (388). The theorists like Marx Weber, Karl Marx and Emile Durkheim have different views on Religion. Emile Durkheim presented his functionalist perspective of religion in his work The Elementary Forms of Religious Life (Thio 385). He emphasized that religion functions to preserve social order. Every religion possessed both rituals and moral norms (Ibid). By way of rituals, people sanctify and renew their bonds to one another. Their beliefs in the sacred and acceptance of common norms are strengthened. Thus, religion binds the society and maintains it (Ibid). As a whole, functionalist theorists direct their focus on the contributions the religion has made to the survival of the society. Functionalists argue that the role of religion is to preserve the s tatus quo rather than to promote social change. They agree that religion is a beneficial conservative force because it maintains consensus, binds people together and promotes social order. They however see it as having a positive influence, whereas the Marxist view is somewhat more negative in its outlook. ("The Different"). The essential function of religion was to provide through sacred symbols a mirror for members of society to see their common unity. Through its system of beliefs, religion offers an explanation of the nature of social life (Shepard 391). The conflict theorists on the other hand, as represented by Karl Marx viewed religion as producing an otherworldly focus that diverts the oppressed from seeking thisworldy social change (Zanden 382). Marx viewed it is an expression of human alienation and an illusion. It is a form of false consciousness and as a tool of the powerful in the struggles between competing social class ( Robertson 405). It is the "sigh of the oppresse d creature, the heart of the heartless world, the soul of the soulless circumstances. It is the opium of the people" ( Thio 385). Marx considered it as a profound form of human alienation because people tend to lose control over the social world they have created resulting to a situation where they find themselves alien in the hostile social environment (Robertson 405). This is because people shape social institutions expecting that the same will serve their needs yet find themselves to be the servant of the institutions they created (Zanden 382). Conflict theorists have taken a new perspective on the relationship between religion and social change. They view it not as a passive response to social relations of production but as an active force shaping the contours of social life (Ibid 383). Marxist argue that religion is a mechanism for social control- (as does functionalism), religion maintains the existing system of exploitation, and reinforces class relationships and inequalities . Further, Marx argued that religion dulls the pain of oppression by: 1) Promising a paradise of eternal bliss in the after life, 2) By often making poverty tolerable by offering heaven as a reward for they're suffering c) By giving the hope of supernatural intervention to solve the worlds problems and d) Justifies social order/hierarchies- by saying that poverty is divinely ordained as a punishment for sin ( "The Different"). .Feminists on one hand agree with Marxists to the extent of religion acting as an instrument of domination and oppression but not for the ruling class but for men. They believe people live in a patriarchal society. Radical feminists during the 1970's and 1980's view religion primarily as patriarchal ideology regardless of the different forms in which it appeared (Newman, "Feminist"). They found that there exists a relationship between religion and politics. The male controlled institution, such as religion defines women as subordinate to men and are used to

Asia In The World Economy Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Asia In The World Economy - Research Paper Example During the late 2008, Yen began to appreciate sharply against dollar and was valued at 86.15 yen in 2009. At the end of 2010, the yen was rated at 88.66 yen. (Source: World Data Bank) The real effective exchange rate as seen from the graph has remained volatile between 1980s and 1990s. During the era of 2000 and forward, the value of yen has declined. It has been going down from the price of 120 dropping to 80. After the financial crisis of 2007-2008, the yen is seen to gain value and is rising till date. Japan’s real exchange rate has appreciated over the years due to the rapid increase in the high-productive manufacturing sector. Trends in Japanese Exports – in terms of value and composition (Source: World Data Bank) The exports in terms of value are an important element in the present Japanese economic adjustment. The structure of exports as well as imports has changed considerably over the years. The above graph shows the trends in exports value since 1980 till date . There has been a constant growth in exports since 1980s till 2000 with minor fluctuations in between. These exports can be attributed to the increase in IT-related goods, consumer goods and US been the largest trading partner. (Source: Statistical Handbook of Japan, 2010) According to the composition of exports, the leading export commodity was transport equipment which is 22% of the total exported value. It is followed by electrical machinery constituting 20% and general machinery 17.8% of total value exported. Another interesting characteristic of Japanese export is the increased proportion of high-value added products such as integrated circuits and steel which are increasing in total Japanese exports. Relationship between exchange rate (nominal and real) and exports The changes in trade surplus, given by the difference in value of exports and imports, are influenced by price changes. Appreciating yen will lower the price of imports relative to exports causing the trade balance to be higher. Given this condition, during 1990s the yen appreciated 20% causing more imports and fewer exports. This affected the competitive price position of Japanese exports in foreign markets. The Japanese trade and exchange rate are very closely related. The real exchange rate of yen is highly positively correlated to Japanese trade and specifically exports price relative to import prices. For instance, between 1990 and 1995, the yen appreciated by 40% against dollars. If the prices of yen and dollar would have remained the same, Japanese products would have been 40% more expensive in comparison to US goods. The government intervention to cut down yen export prices and shifting to manufacturing high-value goods helped the growth of Japanese exports during the 1990s. The export volume grew annually at a rate of 5% through 1990 and 1995. The Japanese exports took a downfall in late 1990s owing to the drop in sales in the European market which is large enough to drop the Japanes e exports by 10%. In 2003, when the nominal yen/dollar exchange rate was at 120, the exports rose rapidly which again declined in 2007-2008 because of the financial crisis which cause the appreciation of yen below 90 to dollar. This caused the Japanese exports to fall drastically. Impact of the Plaza Accord In 1985, the G-5 nations including Japan forced United States to devalue dollar because of the current account deficit. The G-5 nations were

Changes in Higher Learning Research Proposal Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Changes in Higher Learning - Research Proposal Example This implies that there are the great emphasis and increased focus on what specific majors translate to in terms of a job. The increased concentration on careers that follow after college education has led to an abandonment of some majors, mainly arts, which cannot be easily related to the desired careers. As a result of this abandonment, institutions have also started changing and focusing more on professional majors. According to Breneman’s research, many art colleges were shifting attention and focusing more on professional fields (Baker, Baldwin and Makker 2012, para. 4). This implies that some majors may totally be forgotten in the future if this shift continues. The shift to professional fields could be greatly be attributed to economic changes and need for more finances. Liu, et al. argued that many students are more concerned about well-paying jobs hence increased focus on a qt professional job as opposed at arts that may arguably be seen to basically provide meaningful philosophies of lift. in Baker, Baldwin and Makker 2012, para.5). Zernike echoes this basing her argument on a survey carried out by the University of California that showed a great shift of focus on comparing student’s goals in 1971 and 2009. â€Å"In 2009, 78 percent of freshmen students were more focused on wealth while only 48 percent were after meaningful philosophy as opposed to 1971 where only 37 percent were focused on wealth while 73 percent were focused on meaningful philosophy† (2009, para.7).  

International Conflict Analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4000 words

International Conflict Analysis - Essay Example However, since the war ended in 2002, there have been several positive developments like conducting elections and involving the youth. Of course, one has to keep ones’ fingers crossed as earlier attempts at peacemaking have usually resulted in breakdown given the greed and grievance of the warlords and the presence of thousands of brainwashed soldiers ready to do their bidding. The role of the international community is also discussed and some criticism expressed for the way in which their non-intervention caused avoidable suffering and casualties. Given the interplay of the resource argument (the so-called conflict diamonds) with that of a failed state where a â€Å"free for all† was the norm rather than the exception, the peace that the citizens of Sierra Leone are experiencing now is indeed welcome from all aspects. Finally, the conflict in Sierra Leone is also notable for the way in which the post cold war illusions about durable peace and establishment of a new wor ld order were disabused. The end of the cold war produced diametric reactions from intellectuals and foreign policy experts. Whereas writers like Francis Fukuyama were quick to predict the â€Å"End of History† and proclaim that the democratization of the nations of the world would give us the meaning that we have always sought, other writers like Samuel Huntington warned of a coming â€Å"Clash of the Civilizations† where who you were mattered more than what you were or which side you were on (Huntington, 1996, 14). The former is the â€Å"new war† hypothesis that posits the view of how conflicts in the last two decades are about economic reasons and identity whereas the latter is the â€Å"old war† theory about the cold war which was essentially an ideological battle. However, there are many who see the so-called new wars as a continuance of those fought earlier just that the international order does not have the

Changes in Higher Learning Research Proposal Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Changes in Higher Learning - Research Proposal Example This implies that there are the great emphasis and increased focus on what specific majors translate to in terms of a job. The increased concentration on careers that follow after college education has led to an abandonment of some majors, mainly arts, which cannot be easily related to the desired careers. As a result of this abandonment, institutions have also started changing and focusing more on professional majors. According to Breneman’s research, many art colleges were shifting attention and focusing more on professional fields (Baker, Baldwin and Makker 2012, para. 4). This implies that some majors may totally be forgotten in the future if this shift continues. The shift to professional fields could be greatly be attributed to economic changes and need for more finances. Liu, et al. argued that many students are more concerned about well-paying jobs hence increased focus on a qt professional job as opposed at arts that may arguably be seen to basically provide meaningful philosophies of lift. in Baker, Baldwin and Makker 2012, para.5). Zernike echoes this basing her argument on a survey carried out by the University of California that showed a great shift of focus on comparing student’s goals in 1971 and 2009. â€Å"In 2009, 78 percent of freshmen students were more focused on wealth while only 48 percent were after meaningful philosophy as opposed to 1971 where only 37 percent were focused on wealth while 73 percent were focused on meaningful philosophy† (2009, para.7).  

Please answer two questions and i will upload the materials for the Essay

Please answer two questions and i will upload the materials for the writer - Essay Example An outsourcing website simply defined it as contracting out a non-core business to another company. (Sourcingmag.com, 2003) Countries especially in Eastern Europe are said to have well-developed human resources, and where wage costs are relatively lower. These are good conditions where one can get a vendor company to outsource business operations. (Alexandrova, n.d.) On the other hand, the same report of Prof. Alexandrova (n.d.) enumerated the risks that may occur when outsourcing certain functions of the business to these countries. Firstly, companies lose the ability to become more creative when encountering difficult business challenges. It was claimed that companies lose â€Å"competence to innovate through synergistic interactions†. (Alexandrova, n.d.) Risks are also observed when there is uneven level of technical and legal expertise between two parties in contract negotiations, as this may be possible among companies between developed and less-developed countries. There is also the risk related to the economy of the vendor country. Prof. Alexandrova (n.d.) mentioned that in transition economies in EU, these risks include those associated with exchange rates, policies related to profit repatriation, and those related to taxation. For UK companies, costs would still be the prime consideration when considering the option to outsource. There may be some social implications by resorting to outsourcing, the loss of jobs by British nationals being one. There are reports however, that claim that the benefits can outweigh the costs associated with it if outsourcing is managed well and supported by appropriate business policies. (Sourcingmag.com, 2003) The World Trade Organization (WTO) is an international body composed of 157 countries with headquarters located in Geneva, Switzerland. It was established in January 1, 1995 by the

The First World War Essay Example for Free

The First World War Essay We dont live alone. We are all members of one body. We are responsible for each other. What is Priestleys main aim in An Inspector Calls? How successfully does he achieve it? John Boynton Priestley was a committed socialist. He was born in 1894 in Bradford and his mother died the same year. Priestley was raised by his father, who was also a passionate socialist. At the age of fourteen he became a junior clerk at a wool firm in his home town, before joining the army in 1914 at the outbreak of the First World War. During his time spent fighting in France, Priestley developed a strong sense of the class divisions that were an integral part of the capitalist system; I went into that war free of any class feeling, no doubt I came out with a chip on my shoulder; a big heavy chip, probably some friends thigh bone. Priestley grew to hate the way a few rich and greedy businessmen and industrialists exploited and abused the working classes, for the sake of greater profits. In Priestleys mind, it was simply the nature of this society which had made war in 1914 inevitable. As a socialist, Priestley believed that wealth should be equally distributed amongst the population, and that this could be achieved by the state ownership of the fundamental means of production, therefore abolishing the need for an upper class of capitalists. Priestley hoped that World War One had shown people that their way of life needed to change, but even though military service had caused much upheaval, soon, things had reverted back to the way they had been. When war broke out again in 1939, Priestley could see that the lessons of the first war had not been learnt, and felt that society had to change drastically. With this in mind, at the end of the Second World War after successfully publishing other plays and novels, Priestley wrote An Inspector Calls. He anticipated that the public, with the benefits of hindsight, would now be more receptive to his socialist ideas; This brings us to the second and more truthful way of looking at this warto regard this war as one chapter in a tremendous history, the history of a changing world, the breakdown of one vast system and the building up of another and better one theres nothing that really worked that we can go back to but we cant go forward and build up this new world order unless we begin to think differently, and my own personal view, for what its worth, is that we must stop thinking in terms of property and power and begin thinking in terms of community and creation.

Fighting Pharmacists, Fulfilling the Prescription Essay -- Morning Aft

Fighting Pharmacists, Fulfilling the Prescription In recent years there has been an influx of women receiving prescriptions for the postcoital pill (PCP) also known as the morning-after pill, Plan B, and a form of emergency contraception. Some pharmacists, however, are exercising their right not to fulfill patient’s prescription, based primarily on their personal values and morals. Amidst the negative overtones, women continue to take the morning-after pill in an effort to maintain their rights. â€Å"Timely access to emergency contraception is critical therefore any delay the woman might experience before taking the medication is unacceptable and places an undue burden on the woman,† said Patricia Conner, Emergency Contraception Campaign Organizer for Planned Parenthood League of Massachusetts. The morning-after pill is the most common type of emergency contraception,and has become very widely used since being made available over the counter inthe United States. PCP can be taken any time up to 72 hours after unprotected sex. There are two types of PCP. The older type of PCP, which is no longer available, contained a combination of estrogen and progesterone. In order to produce the desired results it had to be taken in two doses, 12 hours apart. In February of 2000, the new PCP called Levonelle-2 was introduced. Levonelle-2 contains progesterone, and has been proven to be more effective than the old type of PCP. The new PCP can be taken in two doses at the same time, and manages to decrease side effects that are associated with the older form of PCP. Common side effects associated with the PCP pill include nausea, vomiting, lower abdominal pain, fatigue, headache, breast tenderness, and menstrual changes. According ... ... nurse. The nurse counsels on long-term birth control options and STD testing. Stress is given that long-term birth control is more effective in preventing pregnancy than emergency contraceptive is, and that emergency contraceptive does not protect against STDs. For years many have debated abortions, and distribution of emergency contraception is steadily taken president. Many ask themselves if it is appropriate for pharmacists to allow their personal opinion to be inflicted upon their customers. While others are content to believe that pharmacists are wrong, and that much of their decision-making, concerning emergency contraception, is based entirely on a lack of knowledge and understanding. â€Å"The morning-after pill saved me from myself. Without it I don’t know where I would be. It will be interesting to see what will happen next in this debate,† says Reese.

Cyber-Learning To Make Cyber-Teachers :: Internet Education Learning Essays

Cyber-Learning To Make Cyber-Teachers Cyber-culture is a large group of people the majority of which are young. This is because the internet's prominence is new. Fifteen years ago very few people were on-line at home. Children who have grown up with the Internet are more likely to use it as a tool for learning and communicating; they had the choice of not writing by hand, of always emailing instead of phoning. People who grew up without the Internet did not have that choice; there was a time when they had to write by hand, when they had to use the phone. So there are many children who have always learned and communicated with the Internet; they are the core of cyber-culture, they are the cyber-children. The cyber-children of today read and write differently. George Landow, in his essay â€Å"Twenty Minutes into the future, or How Are We Moving Beyond the Book†, said, â€Å"These new digital information technologies involve fundamental changes in the way we read and write, and these radical differences, in turn, derive from a single fact, the physical to the virtual† (219). The fundamental changes that Landow is talking about need to be recognized; they need to be understood by the teachers that cyber-children have. Cyber-children are not going to respond to ways of teaching that were designed before the Internet. And since most of the teachers today finished school and got their degrees and teaching certificates before the Internet’s present prominence, there is a problem. Teachers need to use methods of teaching reading and writing that reciprocate the needs of cyber-children. There is a problem with the ways in which teachers teach these children who are the core of cyber-culture. Much of the problem stems from how the students learned to read and write as it differs from how the teachers learned. Cyber-children have learned to read on-line, their teachers learned with print. James Sosnoski, in his essay â€Å"Hyper-readers and Their Reading Engines†, points out differences between reading printed text and reading what he calls hypertext. He says that readers of hypertext use, â€Å" . . . filtering: a higher degree of selectivity in reading† (402). So cyber-children are geared toward the bigger picture, and they leave out details.

Advertising & Sales Promotion on Cement Industry

ASSIGNMENT ADVERTISING & SALES PROMOTION CEMENT INDUSTRY PROF. ANAND DESAI SATISHKUMAR BIRADAR Roll no 07 (MMM IV) The cement industry has come a long way since 1914 when the first cement plant was set up at Porbandar. In the past, the government's regulation restricted the growth of the Indian cement industry. The removal of these controls resulted in rapid progress in terms of new capacity creation and higher production. As of March 2012, the country had an installed cement capacity of around 325-330 million tonnes with most of the capacities being added only during the last decade. | Evolution of the cement industry The cement industry is one of India's core sectors. The country's first cement plant was set up in Porbandar, Gujarat in 1914. Earlier, the government regulated the industry with licensing, price and distribution controls. A gradual removal of these controls resulted in rapid capacity creation. Following this, the country moved from a cement scarcity situation to a sur plus position. As of March 2012, the pan India total installed cement capacity stood at around  325-330 million tonnes. Currently, India is the second-largest producer of cement in the world.The evolution of the cement industry in India can be broadly divided into three periods – the period of total government control (up to 1982), the period of partial decontrol (1982 to 1989) and the period of total decontrol (after 1989). Period of total government control Events during the period of government control This period marked the beginning of cement industry where government, with an intention to promote the sector, exercised strict control over the industry. It set out production limits, price as well as the distribution channels that should be employed to sell cement.This was aimed at ensuring fair prices to producers and consumers across the country, thus reducing regional imbalances. The fixed price at which producers would sell cement was based on the cost of production of cement throughout the country plus a marginal profit. This price contained a freight component that was averaged over the country as a whole. If the actual freight component of a manufacturer was lower than that included in the uniform price, producers had to pass on the amount to the pool sum, representing the difference between the uniform price freight component and the freight costs incurred by them.On the other hand, if the actual freight incidence was higher than the freight element accounted for in the uniform price, producers were reimbursed the difference. This freight pooling system encouraged producers to set up manufacturing plants across the country. Before this system, the industry was concentrated in the eastern part of the country where accesses to raw materials were readily available. However, a drawback of this system was the lack of incentive to producers to minimise costs since they would be reimbursed by the uniform pricing system.As a result, the average cos t of production as well as demand for scarce railway capacity increased. Period of partial government decontrol Events during the period of partial decontrol On account of inefficiencies of the uniform price system, the government introduced a system of partial decontrol in 1982. A levy quota of 66. 6 per cent for sales to the government was imposed on existing units while for new and sick units the quota was lowered to 50 per cent. The balance 33. 4 per cent could be sold in the open market to general consumers.A ceiling price was set for sales in the open market to protect consumers from unreasonable high pricing. During this period, cement producers were able to earn profits from the levy sale to government at fixed prices. But for the non-levy sales, profits decreased as there was a sudden increase in cement supply in the open market which led to greater competition among the manufacturers. During this period, the government gradually reduced the levy quota and increased retenti on prices  in order to  increase the profitability on sales in the open market.Period of total decontrol Events post decontrol In 1989, the government removed all price and distribution controls. The system of freight pooling was scrapped and a subsidy scheme, to ensure availability of cement at reasonable prices in remote and hilly regions, was implemented. This opened up opportunities in the industry and was marked by huge investments in the coming years. Industry structure As of March 2012, the total installed cement capacity  Ã‚  in India stood at approximately  325-330 million tonnes.The industry can be broadly classified into pan-India, regional and standalone players. Pan-India players include large players like Holcim group companies- ACC and Ambuja   and Aditya Birla group company- UltraTech Cement (including Samruddhi Cement)  . Companies of both these groups are adding capacities through either greenfield or brownfield expansions. Players whose presence is res tricted to one or two regions, with a stronghold in the markets of their respective operations are included in the category of regional players.Key examples of players included in this segment are Jaiprakash Associates (North and Central), Lafarge (concentrated in the East), India Cement (South), Shree Cement (North), Binani Cement (North), Kesoram Industries (South),  Chettinad Cement (South), Dalmia Cement (South), Madras Cement (South) etc. Players like Panyam Cement, Penna Cement, etc, are concentrated  and operational  in few states within a region. Owing to their largely local reach, these players are classified as standalone players. Industry structure as of March 2012Industry status There’s something about walls and advertising. It’s ironic, really. On the one hand, you have telecom brand Airtel talking of breaking down walls (‘Deewarein Gir Jaati Hain’), while on the other, you have Ambuja Cement talking of unbreakable walls (‘Yeh Deew aar Nahin Tootegi’). Obviously, the context is vastly different in the two cases, but one can’t help but notice the strikingly opposite thoughts, executed along similar lines. | The demolition talks in progress| | Boy, interrupted| | Bulldozer fails| |The stumped builder| | Rejoicing children| | ‘Ambuja Cement. Yeh Deewaar nahin tootegi'| A new television commercial (TVC) for Ambuja Cement, created by Grey Worldwide, revolves around the story of a wall that doesn’t break, seasoned with an emotional (almost humanitarian) twist. The TVC opens on a shot of the caretaker of an orphanage introducing the children to a Mr Choksi. She tells them that Choksi is going to build a hotel on the site of the orphanage. At this point, a little boy says to Choksi, â€Å"Sir, par last time†¦ † but he is shushed by an older boy. The following morning, the heartless Choksi arrives with bulldozer in tow. At his signal, the bulldozer delivers a powerful blow on the building, but is unable to bring it down. The little boy tries to explain again, but is stopped midway again by the elder one. Choksi tries his best, but is not able to demolish the orphanage. As he wonders about the strength of the building, the little boy says, â€Å"Arre sir, last time bhi yeh deewar nahin tooti thi (Sir, even last time, this wall could not be broken down). As a disappointed Choksi leaves with his men, the children and their caretaker start dancing in joy, and the voiceover concludes, â€Å"Ambuja Cement. Yeh Deewaar Nahin Tootegi. † For the longest time ever, Ambuja has been harping on its ‘giant compressive strength’ proposition; the brand even created the visual of a ‘giant’ and then a broken hammer. Perhaps its most memorable ad was the one involving two estranged brothers trying to break down the wall that runs between their houses (Bhai Bhai, featuring Boman Irani, which was released six years ago).After that humorous attem pt, came some ads which presented the brand in a sentimental vein (the Dadi ad), a move that Vivek Deshpande, Ambuja Cement’s vice-president for brand and promotions, agrees was rather disastrous, so much so that the Bhai Bhai ad was recalled. â€Å"Our new ad is a correction of this,† he says, adding that the brand will now strike a balance between emotion and humour. The new film clearly explores a situation where a wall should not break for the right reasons.Priti Nair, national creative director, Grey Worldwide, says that the strength of the wall was juxtaposed with the strength of character of the orphanage caretaker and the children. â€Å"Cement is a low involving category,† says Nair. So, the children element and the often used Bollywood type plot (victory of good over evil) were added to make the ad more entertaining. Nair and her team wanted to stay away from the stereotypical ‘milavat (adulteration)’ type ads for cement, or even those inv olving big buildings and pride of ownership. â€Å"We wanted to show the victory of the underdogs,† she explains.The ad has been directed by Abhinay Deo of Ramesh Deo Productions, who says that the film had to strike a perfect pathos-humour balance. Interestingly, the initial idea was to show that the kids are also surprised when the wall doesn’t crack. â€Å"But we ruled that out,† Deo says, because the innocence of a small boy trying desperately to make the big, bad builder understand what his predecessors couldn’t do, would add to the fun element. â€Å"Another older child warning him to stay quiet in a rather knowing fashion builds the suspense,† he grins.

Digital Fortress Chapter 21

The American on Tokugen Numataka's private line sounded anxious. â€Å"Mr. Numataka-I only have a moment.† â€Å"Fine. I trust you have both pass-keys.† â€Å"There will be a small delay,† the American answered. â€Å"Unacceptable,† Numataka hissed. â€Å"You said I would have them by the end of today!† â€Å"There is one loose end.† â€Å"Is Tankado dead?† â€Å"Yes,† the voice said. â€Å"My man killed Mr. Tankado, but he failed to get the pass-key. Tankado gave it away before he died. To a tourist.† â€Å"Outrageous!† Numataka bellowed. â€Å"Then how can you promise me exclusive-â€Å" â€Å"Relax,† the American soothed. â€Å"You will have exclusive rights. That is my guarantee. As soon as the missing pass-key is found, Digital Fortress will be yours.† â€Å"But the pass-key could be copied!† â€Å"Anyone who has seen the key will be eliminated.† There was a long silence. Finally Numataka spoke. â€Å"Where is the key now?† â€Å"All you need to know is that it will be found.† â€Å"How can you be so certain?† â€Å"Because I am not the only one looking for it. American Intelligence has caught wind of the missing key. For obvious reasons they would like to prevent the release of Digital Fortress. They have sent a man to locate the key. His name is David Becker.† â€Å"How do you know this?† â€Å"That is irrelevant.† Numataka paused. â€Å"And if Mr. Becker locates the key?† â€Å"My man will take it from him.† â€Å"And after that?† â€Å"You needn't be concerned,† the American said coldly. â€Å"When Mr. Becker finds the key, he will be properly rewarded.†

Call Center Manager

The BCG matrix method is based on the product life cycle theory that can be used to determine what priorities should be given in the product portfolio of a business unit. To ensure long-term value creation, a company should have a portfolio of products that contains both high-growth products in need of cash inputs and low-growth products that generate a lot of cash. It has 2 dimensions: market share and market growth. The basic idea behind it is that the bigger the market share a product has or the faster the product's market grows, the better it is for the company. Placing products in the BCG matrix results in 4 categories in a portfolio of a company: †¢ Cash Cow – a business unit that has a large market share in a mature, slow growing industry. Cash cows require little investment and generate cash that can be used to invest in other business units. †¢ Star – a business unit that has a large market share in a fast growing industry. Stars may generate cash, but because the market is growing rapidly they require investment to maintain their lead. If successful, a star will become a cash cow when its industry matures. Question Mark (or Problem Child) – a business unit that has a small market share in a high growth market. These business units require resources to grow market share, but whether they will succeed and become stars is unknown. †¢ Dog – a business unit that has a small market share in a mature industry. A dog may not require substantial cash, but it ties up capital that could better be deployed elsewhere. Unless a dog has some other strategic purpose, it should be liquidated if there is little prospect for it to gain market share. pic] Some limitations of the Boston Consulting Group Matrix include: †¢ High market share is not the only success factor †¢ Market growth is not the only indicator for attractiveness of a market †¢ Sometimes Dogs can earn even more cash as Cash Cows The BCG Matrix method can help understand a frequently made strategy mistake: having a one-size-fits-all-approach to strategy, such as a generic growth target (9 percent per year) or a generic return on capital of say 9. % for an entire corporation. In such a scenario: A. Cash Cows Business Units will beat their profit target easily; their management have an easy job and are often praised anyhow. Even worse, they are often allowed to reinvest substantial cash amounts in their businesses which are mature and not growing anymore. B. Dogs Business Units fight an impossible battle and, even worse, investments are made now and then in hopeless attempts to ‘turn the business around'. C. As a result (all) Question Marks and Stars Business Units get mediocre size investment funds. In this way they are unable to ever become cash cows. These inadequate invested sums of money are a waste of money. Either these SBUs should receive enough investment funds to enable them to achieve a real market dominance and become a cash cow (or star), or otherwise companies are advised to disinvest and try to get whatever possible cash out of the question marks that were not selected.

Strategic Marketing Report (Businesses chosen British Petroleum and Assignment

Strategic Marketing Report (Businesses chosen British Petroleum and General Motors) - Assignment Example It has seen many ups and downs over the years including issues of environment, government dealing, exploration sites, oil prices and such, but has remained strong, with a great market presence and brand equity. The second is General Motors. One of the heavyweights in the 20th Century automotive scene, GM saw bankruptcy in 2009 after many of its products and policies failed. With government holding and new management in place, GM is on the way to recovery. This paper analysis the strategies of these two companies, along with some suggestions that they could utilize in the near future. This paper will study the current marketing strategies of British Petroleum and General Motor. These companies are amongst the biggest players in their respective industries. However, the recent macro-economic environment has had an impact on the policies adapted by both. This paper will examine the specific marketing strategies and will give my own insight into them. General Motors Company is one of the largest automakers in the world, headquartered at Detroit, USA. GM employs around 235,000 people globally and has presence in 140 countries in various regions around the world (gm.com, 2009), with a complete brand portfolio of Buick, Cadillac, Chevrolet, GMC, GM Daewoo, Holden, Opel, Vauxhall and Wuling. According to company website, GM main business territory and market is the United States, then China, Brazil, the United Kingdom, Canada, Russia and Germany. GM has been through many peaks and troughs over the years but the recent taste of bankruptcy was a devastating low for the company. Having changed from General Motor Corporation to General Motor Company, GM has fortunately turned out fairly well from being in the decline phase. Whether this turnaround is successful for the company remains to be seen. There is still a need for GM to establish a culture with a more distinct and reachable vision and get the entire organization on board. The com pany still has

Death with Dignity Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Death with Dignity - Essay Example Her decision faced immense opposition from different sects of the society. Indeed, despite its aim to alleviate patient suffering, doctor assisted suicide goes against moral and ethical principles and should therefore not be allowed. Oregon was the first to implement the Death with Dignity Act in 1997. It allows terminally ill patients who are of competent mental mindset and aged over 18 to obtain lethal medication to end their lives (Yuill 61). Such patients would be required to make a written request and two oral ones in a span of 15 days. The prescribing physician should concur with the prognosis or diagnosis that supports death with dignity, and in consultation with another physician agree to offer assisted suicide. Over time, more states have embraced this legislation as a way out for patients with lingering and intolerable pain. Just a few countries in Europe have legalized death with dignity, notably, the Netherlands, Luxembourg, Switzerland and Belgium (Zakaria). Some other parts of the world, including the Ancient Greece and Rome, have been practicing doctor assisted suicide for generations (Loomis 146). However, the issue continues to elicit heated debate from different quarters on its morality and eth icality. Allowing for physician assisted suicide would lead to an inclusion of more people into the eligible groups. According to Yuill, allowing for assisted suicide would mount pressure upon people feeling that they have become a burden to their families and even healthcare providers to include more categories of people in the death with dignity category (32). This could go forth and even become euthanasia or further to involuntary euthanasia. Thus, allowing for death with dignity presents grounds for abuse of the practice, specifically when driven by greed as opposed to love. Those who should inherit from the patient could encourage premature death of